{"id":11489,"date":"2024-12-11T11:56:20","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T09:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trialoog.taltech.ee\/caspar-van-den-berg-ulikoolide-kohast-uhiskonnas-ja-poliitikas\/"},"modified":"2025-03-14T21:21:54","modified_gmt":"2025-03-14T19:21:54","slug":"caspar-van-den-berg-ulikoolide-kohast-uhiskonnas-ja-poliitikas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trialoog.taltech.ee\/en\/caspar-van-den-berg-ulikoolide-kohast-uhiskonnas-ja-poliitikas\/","title":{"rendered":"Caspar van den Berg: The role of universities in society and politics"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Professor Caspar van den Berg of the University of Groningen writes that universities must balance protecting academic freedom and meeting societal needs to maintain their independence and legitimacy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9037,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[249],"tags":[468,393,469,396],"class_list":["post-11489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-democracy","tag-education","tag-governance","tag-university"],"acf":{"postbuilder":[{"acf_fc_layout":"text","type":"text","text":"This autumn, Professor Caspar van den Berg from the University of Groningen was appointed an honorary doctor at Tallinn University of Technology. His connection with the Ragnar Nurkse Department of Innovation and Governance has endured for over a decade in his role as a visiting professor of public administration. In addition to various academic positions, Professor van den Berg has served as the president of the Association of Universities in the Netherlands and as a member of the Upper House of the Dutch Parliament. This makes him one of Europe's leading scholars in public administration. Below, we present an abridged version of Professor van den Berg's honorary doctorate speech.<\/em>\r\n\r\nUniversities must renew their social contracts to maintain scientific leadership and societal legitimacy. This is crucial for our ability to address pressing global challenges, such as climate change, information overload, and geopolitical shifts.\r\n

Universities and societal challenges<\/h4>\r\nSocieties are experiencing profound uncertainty. Climate change, the consequences of information overload spread through social media, shifting global power dynamics, and even war on our continent\u2013these are just a few of the significant challenges we face. Innovation and research within universities play a crucial role in tackling these challenges.\r\n\r\nHowever, academic core values\u2013especially academic freedom\u2013are increasingly under threat, either through direct government intervention, as seen in Hungary, or through indirect influence, as observed in the Netherlands during the so-called \"nitrogen case,\" when public attitudes toward scientists became increasingly hostile. Universities must navigate these paradoxical pressures, as demonstrated by recent protests concerning the Middle East. While protests can intimidate faculty and students, banning them undermines core values such as academic freedom, free exchange of ideas, and freedom of speech.\r\n
\r\n

Academic core values\u2013especially academic freedom\u2013are increasingly under threat, either through direct government intervention or indirect influence.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n

Resisting the rise of authoritarianism<\/h4>\r\nAs neuroscience research shows, the global rise of authoritarianism has a clear foundation. The longing for strong leadership stems from the brain's need to reduce uncertainty\u2013something that the modern world, with its myriad challenges, provides in abundance. This desire for certainty, however, stands in stark contrast to the academic ethos of questioning and doubt. Academia thrives on uncertainty. The scientific method\u2013one of our most powerful tools for understanding the natural world\u2013is paradoxical. We ask questions and continue asking them indefinitely, often without definitive answers. Even when we arrive at conclusions, we leave room for doubt and future refutations. This is profoundly unsatisfying in an age that craves absolute answers, and universities frequently face demands to take political stances.\r\n\r\nThe position of universities on politics and the state is well captured in the Kalven Report, a document written by the University of Chicago in 1967 during widespread student protests against the Vietnam War. The report emphasized that universities should provide a platform for individuals to express their views and participate in discourse while remaining institutionally neutral. This widely accepted stance is now under pressure. Society increasingly seeks to involve science in decision-making and foster participation from diverse interest groups, placing political pressure on academia. At the same time, the endorsement of science or scientists is often misused as a mark of quality or a tool to silence criticism. Science can be politicized to a surprising degree. Still, when science is weaponized for political ends, it provides a compelling reason to separate the academic role from the personal views of individual scholars.\r\n
\r\n

Universities should provide a platform for individuals to express their views and participate in discourse while remaining institutionally neutral.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>","image":null,"align":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":9021},{"acf_fc_layout":"text","type":"text","text":"

The challenge of the \"enabling state\" for universities<\/h4>\r\nEuropean and global universities strive to avoid state intervention. Today's state has been described as an \"enabling state,\" offering a golden middle ground between a completely free market and a classical welfare society. The modern state has a smaller government sector than an active, productive welfare state but is somewhat more significant than a minimal \"night-watchman state.\"\r\n\r\nHowever, universities seem to be getting the worst of both worlds. Governments are increasingly intervening in their financial management, making funding temporary and conditional, expanding bureaucracy, and limiting flexibility. At the same time, political issues influence their internal organization, leading to more rules and regulations.\r\n\r\nPreviously, internationalization helped mitigate the challenges of declining demographics and shrinking financial resources. It allowed universities to attract talent, enhance the quality of education, and promote a knowledge-based economy and innovation. However, the influx of international students has become an immigration issue, and restrictions no longer allow universities to compensate for domestic shortfalls with foreign students.\r\n\r\nWe are already seeing the consequences of this in the United Kingdom. Institutions are restructuring, consolidating, merging, and, in some cases, shutting down. The Netherlands must make significant efforts to maintain its position among the world's leading academic nations\u2014despite political pressures that reduce global cooperation, a shrinking domestic market, and conditions that do not favour academia or intellectualism.\r\n\r\nIt is worth asking whether these challenges are merely short-term inconveniences that universities must endure or whether they require a fundamental reconsideration of core principles\u2013including the associated risks\u2013and the choice of a new strategic direction.\r\n
\r\n

Governments are increasingly intervening in their financial management, making funding temporary and conditional, expanding bureaucracy, and limiting flexibility.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>","image":null,"align":""},{"acf_fc_layout":"image","image":9031},{"acf_fc_layout":"text","type":"text","text":"

Universities: wise advisors or court jesters?<\/h4>\r\nHistorically, rulers have had two key advisors: the Wise Man and the Court Jester. It seems self-evident that academia's role is to be the Wise Man. Research suggests that over 65% of people believe scientific research should benefit society directly. Taxpayers fund public universities and are therefore expected to serve the public good. In this context, society becomes the client\u2013the client is king.\r\n\r\nHowever, this expectation comes with the risk of losing academic freedom. The Wise Man must carefully weigh his words to avoid offending the Majesty.\r\n\r\nThe alternative is to be the Jester\u2013the one who could openly challenge the king, speak freely without fear of consequences, and thereby prompt the ruler to reconsider decisions. In many ways, this role is closer to how academics see themselves. A university is an institution that challenges established ideas and upholds absolute freedom of thought. Society needs such spaces\u2013not as playgrounds for the academic elite but as environments that drive intellectual renewal and provide an antidote to the demand for simplistic solutions to complex problems.\r\n
\r\n

A university is an institution that challenges established ideas and upholds absolute freedom of thought. Society needs such spaces\u2013not as playgrounds for the academic elite but as environments that drive intellectual renewal and provide an antidote to the demand for simplistic solutions to complex problems.<\/p>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n

A new social contract<\/h4>\r\nThe challenge for universities today is to balance their dual social role and renew their social contract. This cannot be done without reaffirming their commitment to academic freedom and innovation. A new contract must emerge from an open dialogue about how universities can contribute to solving societal problems and supporting economic prosperity without compromising their institutional independence.\r\n\r\nThe university's thousand-year history of resilience in the face of crises demonstrates its ability to adapt and evolve. By reaffirming their core values, universities can continue to contribute to civilization's progress.\r\n\r\nThe full text of Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c.des. Caspar van den Berg's honorary doctorate speech will be published in the next issue of the journal Halduskultuur (Issue 23(1-2)).<\/em>","image":null,"align":""}],"related_authors":[{"author":9013,"position":"Groningeni \u00dclikooli professor"}]},"yoast_head":"\nCaspar van den Berg: The role of universities in society and politics - Trialoog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Universities must balance academic freedom and societal needs in order to maintain their legitimacy and power.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/trialoog.taltech.ee\/en\/caspar-van-den-berg-ulikoolide-kohast-uhiskonnas-ja-poliitikas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Caspar van den Berg: The role of universities in society and politics - Trialoog\" \/>\n<meta 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